Lesson 4: Place Vocabulary

In this vocabulary lesson, I will teach the words for common places that RPGs have and words that are useful learning where you are suppose to go.

The words will be listed in the same way as in lesson one: Kanji, Kana, English, Notes.

Verbs:
-- ある To exist; to have Group 1 verb. Used only with inanimate object
-- いる To exist; to have Group 2 verb. Used only with animate object
行く　いく To go Group 1 verb
来る　くる To come Irregular verb
-- わかる To understand Group 1 verb

Nouns:
砂漠　さばく A desert
森　もり A forest
町　まち A town
村　むら A village
鉱山　こうざん A mine
山　やま A mountain
都市　とし A city
神殿　しんでん A shrine
洞窟　どうくつ A cave
東　ひがし The east
西　にし The west
北　きた The north
南　みなみ The south
城　しろ A castle
国　くに A country
宮殿　きゅうでん A palace
教会　きょうかい A church
塔　とう A tower
島　しま An island
山道　やまみち A mountain path
地下室　ちかしつ A basement
道　みち A road
湖　みずうみ A lake
王国　おうこく A kingdom
川　かわ A river
火山　かざん A volcano
家　いえ A house
壁　かべ A wall
沼　ぬま A swamp
遺跡　いせき Ruins

Suffixes:
－湖　－こ Lake ... A suffix to mark a lake
－山　－さん Mt. ... A suffix to mark a mountain

With these words, you should be able to find out where you are suppose to go next in most RPGs.

John

Exercises for Lesson 2

This post contains some exercises to help you practice conjugating verbs into the the polite present tense.

The first group of exercises will let you practice conjugating Group 1 verbs, Group 2 verbs, and the irregular verbs into the polite present tense. The second group of exercises will have you conjugating verbs back from the polite present tense into the dictionary form. For all of the verbs in the exercises, I will list the verbs in this order: # of the question, Kanji, Kana, English, Verb Group. The answers for all of the exercises will be at the bottom of the post.

In this first set of verbs, you will conjugate the verbs into their ます-stem then into to their polite present tense. If a verb does not have a ます-stem, just conjugate it into it's polite present tense.

1. 買う　かう　To buy Group 1
2. --　する To do Irregular
3. 消す　けす To delete Group 1
4. 始める　はじめる To begin Group 2
5. 続く 　つづく To continue Group 1
6. 捨てる　すてる To discard Group 2
7. 呼ぶ　よぶ To call Group 1
8. 来る　くる To come Irregular
9. 立つ　たつ To stand Group 1
10. 泳ぐ　およぐ To swim Group 1
11. --　やめる To stop Group 2
12. 売る　うる To sell Group 1
13. 死ぬ　しぬ To die Group 1
14. --　だ To be Irregular
15. 盗む　ぬすむ To steal Group 1

In this next set of verbs, I will list the verbs in the same way as above, but instead of listing the verbs in their dictionary forms I will list them in their polite present tense because you will be conjugating the verbs back into their dictionary forms.

1. 使います　つかいます To use Group 1
2. 写します　うつします To copy Group 1
3. 行きます　いきます To go Group 1
4. します　します To do Irregular
5. 開けます　あけます To open Group 2
6. 来ます　きます To come Irregular
7. 寝ます　ねます To come Group 2
8. 光ります　ひかります To shine Group 1
9. 待ちます　まちます To wait Group 1
10. 選びます　えらびます To choose Group 1
11. --　です To be Irregular

This is the end of the exercises. The answers to all of these exercise problems are below.

John

Answers for the first set of verbs (highlight to see):
1. 買い（かい）→買います（かいます）
2. し→します
3. 消し（けし）→消します（けします）
4. 始め（はじめ）→始めます（はじめます）
5. 続き（つづき）→続きます（つづきます）
6. 捨て（すて）→捨てます（すてます）
7. 呼び（よび）→呼びます（よびます）
8. 来（き）→来ます（きます）
9. 立ち（たち）→立ちます（たちます）
10. 泳ぎ（およぎ）→泳ぎます（およぎます）
11. やめ→やめます
12. 売り（うり）→売ります（うります）
13. 死に（しに）→死にます（しにます）
14. です
15. 盗み（ぬすみ）→盗みます（ぬすみます）

Answer to the second set of verbs (highlight to see):
1. 使う（つかう）
2. 写す（うつす）
3. 行く（いく）
4. する
5. 開ける（あける）
6. 来る（くる）
7. 寝る（ねる）
8. 光る（ひかる）
9. 待つ（まつ）
10. 選ぶ（えらぶ）
11. だ

Example Sentences for Lesson 3: Part 2 of 2

This post is part two of the example sentences for lesson three. I will continue to have the vocabulary for the example sentences at the top of this post like in the first part.

Nouns:
剣　けん Sword　
--　ドア Door
先生　せんせい Teacher
道場　どうじょう Dojo
戦士　せんし Warrior
八時　はちじ Eight o'clock
十一時　じゅういちじ Eleven o'clock
森　もり Forest
砂漠　さばく Desert

Intransitive Verbs:
開く　あく To open
光る　ひかる To shine
行く　いく To go

Transitive Verbs:
開ける　あける To open

I will show some example sentences that show the uses of の.

戦士の剣は光る。
せんしのけんはひかる。
The warrior's sword shines.

剣の先生は道場のドアを開ける。
けんのせんせいはどうじょうのドアをあける。
The sword teacher opens the dojo's door.

I will show some example sentences for the time marking usage of に.

ドアは八時に開きます。
ドアははちじにあきます。
The door will open at eight o'clock.

戦士は十一時に行く。
せんしはじゅういちじにいく。
The warrior will go at eleven o'clock.

I will cover the usage of に for marking the location of the action of the few verbs in a later lesson.

I will now show some example sentences for the destination marking usage of に, and the usage of へ. For the ease of reading, I have only used に in the next example sentences, but you can replace all of the に's with へ's.

私は森に行きます。
わたしはもりにいきます。
I will go to the forest.

戦士は砂漠に行く。
せんしはさばくにいく。
The warrior will go to the desert.

That covers all of the particles from lesson three.

John